Malala terima Nobel
11 Oktober 2014
Malala Yousafzai Malala Yousafzai
OSLO - NORWAY. Aktivis hak asasi manusia kanak-kanak, Malala Yousafzai dari Pakistan dianugerahkan hadiah Keamanan Nobel 2014, semalam.
Jawatankuasa Nobel Norway memutuskan kelayakan untuk menerima anugerah itu berikutan perjuangan Malala dalam menentang penindasan terhadap kanak-kanak serta hak bagi mendapatkan pendidikan kepada semua kanak-kanak.
Malala, 17, adalah seorang pelajar sekolah ketika ditembak oleh anggota Taliban kira-kira dua tahun lalu kerana memperjuangkan kesaksamaan pendidikan bagi kanak-kanak perempuan.
Menurut AP, aktivis yang memperjuangkan hak asasi kanak-kanak di India, Kailash Satyarthi turut dianugerahkan Hadiah Nobel.
Menurut jawatankuasa Nobel, Satyarthi, 60, mengekalkan tradisi Mahatma Gandhi dan mengetuai beberapa tunjuk perasaan secara aman bagi membantah eksploitasi kanak-kanak bagi memperoleh manfaat kewangan.
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Malala Yousafzai Catat Sejarah Penerima Hadiah Nobel Termuda
10 Oktober 2014
Malala Yousafzai
LONDON: Remaja perempuan dari Pakistan, Malala Yousafzai, yang ditembak oleh puak Taliban sehingga hampir membawa maut dua tahun lalu kerana memperjuangkan hak untuk wanita memperolehi pendidikan telah diumumkan sebagai penerima Anugerah Nobel untuk keamanan - penghormatan yang pernah diterima oleh Nelson Mandela suatu ketika dahulu.
Malala, 17, yang kini menetap di Birmingham, England bersama keluarganya mencatat sejarah sebagai penerima anugerah Nobel yang termuda.
Dalam satu kenyataan media, Jawatankuasa Anugerah Nobel menegaskan: "Di sebalik usia mudanya dan malapetaka yang menimpanya, Malala Yousafzai tanpa henti terus memperjuangkan hak wanita untuk memperolehi pendidikan dan sekaligus menunjukkan teladan bahawa kanak-kanak dan golongan remaja pun mampu menyumbang untuk memperbaiki situasi mereka. Dan dalam kes Malala dia telah melakukannya dalam situasi yang sangat berbahaya kepada keselamatan dan nyawanya."
Dan apabila seorang wartawan bertanya, mengapa Malala yang menjadi pilihan sedangkan dia belum memperolehi apa-apa lagi yang signifikan di dalam perjuangannya itu, Ketua Jawatankuasa Anugerah Nobel, Thorbjörn Jagland terus membidas wartawan tersebut.
"Macamana awak boleh tergamak berkata demikian! Terima kasih kepada Malala, kerana keberaniannya, isu mengenai pendidikan kanak-kanak dan guna tenaga kanak-kanak telah diletakkan dalam agenda dunia," tegas Jagland.
Malala hanya berusia 11 tahun apabila dia buat pertama kalinya menyuarakan kepentingan pendidikan dalam satu temuramah siaran televisyen.
Bagaimanapun pada Oktober 2012, puak Taliban telah menyerbu masuk ke dalam bas sekolah yang dinaikinya lalu melepaskan tembakan sehingga mencederakannya.
Dia terkena tembakan di kepala.
Malala kemudiannya telah diterbangkan ke Britain untuk mendapatkan rawatan khusus di Hospital Queen Elizabeth di Birmingham, yang mana menyaksikan dia melalui beberapa proses pembedahan pada kepalanya sehingga berjaya dipulihkan.
Malala kini tinggal bersama bapa, ibu dan dua saudaranya di Birmingham dan belajar di sekolah tempatan.
Sejak insiden tersebut, Malala telah menghasilkan buku, "I Am Malala", menyampaikan ucapan dan ucapatama di forum dan seminar antarabangsa dan dianugerahkan penghormatan oleh Parlimen Eropah.
Turut menerima Anugerah Nobel untuk keamanan bagi tahun ini ialah seorang lagi pejuang hak kanak-kanak iaitu Kailash Satyarthi dari India.
Satyarthi, 60, telah mengekalkan tradisi yang dipejuangkan oleh Mahatma Gandhi iaitu menuntut perubahan secara aman dengan memberi penekanan kepada menentang penggunaan tenaga kanak-kanak untuk membuat keuntungan.
"Tahun ini kita mempunyai dua pemenang. Seorang dari Pakistan dan seorang lagi dari India. Seorang beragama Islam dan seorang lagi beragama Hindu dan kedua-duanya mempunyai iltizam yang kuat untuk memperjuangkan hak pendidikan dan menentang ekstrimisme,' kata Jagland lagi.
Lain-lain kategori untuk Anugerah Nobel seperti dalam bidang perubatan, kimia, fizik dan kesusasteraan telah pun diumumkan secara berperingkat sejak awal minggu lalu dan penerima anugerah dalam bidang ekonomi akan diumumkan Isnin depan.
Kesemua pemenang akan menerima anugerah masing-masing menjelang 10 Disember ini sempena ulang tahun kematian pengasas anugerah ini pada 1896. Penerima anugerah untuk keamanan akan menerimanya di Oslo manakala yang lain di Stockholm.
Bekas Perdana Menteri Britain, Gordon Brown, yang merupakan salah seorang jurukempen bersama-sama Malala dalam isu pendidikan kanak-kanak dan wanita berkata: 'Malala Yousafzai dan Kailash Satyarthi adalah dua manusia yang paling hebat di muka bumi ini dalam soal memperjuangkan masa depan kanak-kanak. Kedua-duanya adalah rakan baik saya dan berhak untuk menerima pengiktirafan ini."
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Malala Yousafzai Biography
Women's Rights Activist, Children's Activist (1997–)
As a young girl, Malala Yousafzai defied the Taliban in Pakistan and demanded that girls be allowed to receive an education. She was shot in the head by a Taliban gunman in 2012, but survived.
“If I win Nobel Peace Prize, it would be a great opportunity for me, but if I don't get it, it's not important because my goal is not to get Nobel Peace Prize, my goal is to get peace and my goal is to see the education of every child.”
—Malala Yousafzai
Synopsis
Malala Yousafzai was born on July 12, 1997, in Mingora, Pakistan. As a child, she became an advocate for girls' education, which resulted in the Taliban issuing a death threat against her. On October 9, 2012, a gunman shot Malala when she was traveling home from school. She survived, and has continued to speak out on the importance of education. She was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize in 2013. In 2014, she was nominated again and won, becoming the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.
Early Life
On July 12, 1997, Malala Yousafzai was born in Mingora, Pakistan, located in the country's Swat Valley. For the first few years of her life, her hometown remained a popular tourist spot that was known for its summer festivals. However, the area began to change as the Taliban tried to take control.
Initial Activism
Yousafzai attended a school that her father, Ziauddin Yousafzai, had founded. After the Taliban began attacking girls' schools in Swat, Malala gave a speech in Peshawar, Pakistan, in September 2008. The title of her talk was, "How dare the Taliban take away my basic right to education?"
In early 2009, Yousafzai began blogging for the BBC about living under the Taliban's threats to deny her an education. In order to hide her identity, she used the name Gul Makai. However, she was revealed to be the BBC blogger in December of that year.
With a growing public platform, Yousafzai continued to speak out about her right, and the right of all women, to an education. Her activism resulted in a nomination for the International Children's Peace Prize in 2011. That same year, she was awarded Pakistan's National Youth Peace Prize.
Targeted by the Taliban
When she was 14, Malala and her family learned that the Taliban had issued a death threat against her. Though Malala was frightened for the safety of her father—an anti-Taliban activist—she and her family initially felt that the fundamentalist group would not actually harm a child.
On October 9, 2012, on her way home from school, a man boarded the bus Malala was riding in and demanded to know which girl was Malala. When her friends looked toward Malala, her location was given away. The gunman fired at her, hitting Malala in the left side of her head; the bullet then traveled down her neck. Two other girls were also injured in the attack.
The shooting left Malala in critical condition, so she was flown to a military hospital in Peshawar. A portion of her skull was removed to treat her swelling brain. To receive further care, she was transferred to Birmingham, England.
After the Attack
Once she was in the United Kingdom, Yousafzai was taken out of a medically induced coma. Though she would require multiple surgeries—including repair of a facial nerve to fix the paralyzed left side of her face—she had suffered no major brain damage. In March 2013, she was able to begin attending school in Birmingham.
The shooting resulted in a massive outpouring of support for Yousafzai, which continued during her recovery. She gave a speech at the United Nations on her 16th birthday, in 2013. She has also written an autobiography, I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban, which was released in October 2013. Unfortunately, the Taliban still considers Yousafzai a target.
Despite the Taliban's threats, Yousafzai remains a staunch advocate for the power of education. On October 10, 2013, in acknowledgement of her work, the European Parliament awarded Yousafzai the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought. That same year, she was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. She didn't win the prize, but was named a nominee again in March 2014. In August of the same year, Leanin.Org held a live chat on Facebook with Sheryl Sandberg and Yousafzai about the importance of education for girls around the world. She talked about her story, her inspiration and family, her plans for the future and advocacy, and she answered a variety of inquiries from the social network’s users.
In October 2014, Yousafzai received the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Indian children's rights activist Kailash Satyarthi. At age 17, she became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. In congratulating Yousafzai, Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif said: “She is (the) pride of Pakistan, she has made her countrymen proud. Her achievement is unparalleled and unequaled. Girls and boys of the world should take lead from her struggle and commitment." U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon described her as "a brave and gentle advocate of peace who through the simple act of going to school became a global teacher.”
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