Warisan : Durian




Hanya ada di Gua Musang

Oleh KHAIRI MOHAMAD

PERTAMA kali melawat ke sebuah dusun durian kunyit di Gua Musang, Kelantan, timbul tanda tanya apa istimewanya dusun tersebut berbanding dusun-dusun durian lain di seluruh negara.

Bersama jurugambar, HAFIZ JOHARI, kami menyusuri jalan raya sejauh lebih 200 kilometer dari Kota Bharu menerusi Kuala Krai ke pekan Gua Musang.

Sehari sebelumnya, penulis telah membuat temu janji dengan pemilik dusun tersebut, Tina Chong, 40.

Pada hari yang dijanjikan kami diundang ke kediamannya sebelum dibawa ke dusunnya yang terletak di Kampung Pulai, lebih kurang 15 kilometer dari pekan Gua Musang. Ia mengambil masa hampir 45 minit.

Untuk ke dusunnya, kami terpaksa meredah kawasan yang dilitupi hutan hujan Khatulistiwa yang belum terusik kecuali beberapa projek kuari yang kelihatan rakus menarah bukit.

Perjalanan ke dusun tersebut sejauh lima kilometer dari jalan utama hanya boleh menggunakan kenderaan pacuan empat roda. Ini kerana laluannya begitu sukar dan mencabar apabila terpaksa melalui lereng-lereng bukit, jalan berbatu dan berlumpur.

Kami mengagumi kebolehan Tina kerana selain mengusahakan dusun durian, beliau begitu cekap mengendalikan kenderaan pacuan empat roda.

Detik paling mencabar ialah apabila kami terpaksa merentasi sebatang sungai yang hanya menggunakan dua batang kayu selebar tayar kenderaan tersebut yang dijadikan titi.


DURIAN kunyit memerlukan 100 hari untuk masak dan gugur selepas ia mula berputik.

Setelah mengharungi perjalanan yang cukup mencabar, kami bagaikan tergamam dan teruja dengan keindahan dusun tersebut.

Selain keindahan buah-buah durian yang berjuntaian di dahan pokok, dusun tersebut begitu bersih dan dijaga rapi tanpa rumput dan lalang.

Tina yang sangat mesra mula bercerita tentang dusunnya yang berkeluasan 10 hektar itu. Kebanyakannya ditanam dengan durian kunyit.

Selain itu, dusun tersebut juga mempunyai pokok buah-buahan lain antaranya durian D24, durian kampung, rambutan, duku dan dokong.

"Saya menggemari buah durian sejak kecil dan pernah memasang impian untuk memiliki kebun durian sendiri suatu masa dulu.

"Pada mulanya kebun ini dimiliki oleh kakak saya tetapi 10 tahun lalu beliau menyatakan hasrat untuk menjual dusun tersebut dan saya tidak melepaskan peluang untuk memilikinya," kata Tina.

Dusunnya itu memiliki lebih 300 pokok durian kunyit. Buahnya boleh dijual pada harga yang sangat tinggi iaitu mencecah RM28 sekilogram.

Bersama adiknya Jenny Chong, 36, dan rakan kongsi mereka, Chong Wan Yoong, 46, hampir 90 peratus daripada hasil kebun itu terutama durian kunyit dieksport ke luar negara termasuklah Singapura.

Penjagaan yang rumit Jenny memberitahu, Wan Yoong, bertanggungjawab sepenuhnya dalam aktiviti penjagaan dusun tersebut. Penjagaan durian kunyit sangat rumit kerana ia terlalu sensitif terhadap cuaca selain proses pembajaan yang berterusan diperlukan.

Jelasnya, hujan lebat dan angin kuat boleh merencatkan proses tumbesaran pokok selain bunga yang terlalu lemah dan mudah gugur jika ditiup angin kencang.

"Sebab itu, durian ini bukan tiap-tiap tahun ada, memang susah untuk menjadi. Bila ia berbunga, masa itu kita kena jaga betul-betul kalau tidak bunganya akan gugur.

"Kadang-kadang kita tengok bunganya lebat tetapi jika hujan lebat atau angin kencang semua akan gugur. Proses pembajaan juga diperlukan untuk mengelak daripada ancaman penyakit," ujarnya musim durian kunyit bermula dari bulan Jun hingga Ogos.

Jelas Tina, durian kunyit memerlukan 100 hari dari tempoh ia mula berputik untuk masak dan gugur. Buah yang baik boleh mencapai berat sehingga tiga kilogram sebiji.

Katanya, bermula daripada ia berputik, proses penjagaan rapi amat diperlukan kerana jika tidak buah akan gugur sebelum tempoh matangnya.

Seperti kebun-kebun lain, dusun juga tidak terlepas daripada ancaman binatang buas, sementelah ia berada jauh ke dalam hutan.

Jelas Tina, beliau terpaksa menggunakan pelbagai cara untuk menghalang binatang buas daripada menceroboh dusunnya dan memakan buah-buah yang gugur.

"Memang banyak, selalunya gajah, babi hutan dan harimau yang masuk. Kami biasa gunakan mercun untuk menghalau dan sekarang saya sedang membina pagar-pagar yang lebih kukuh untuk menghalang haiwan liar.

"Ketika musim durian kami adakalanya terpaksa tidur di dalam pondok di dusun untuk menjaga tanaman dan buah-buahan," kata bekas peragawati sambilan dan pendandan rambut profesional ini.

Bercerita mengenai keenakan durian kunyit Tina memberitahu, mungkin tidak ramai yang mengetahuinya kecuali jika disebut Musang King.

Durian tersebut dijual di pasar raya-pasar raya dipek dan dijual mengikut ulas.


SIAPA sangka, Tina sebelum ini merupakan seorang pendandan rambut profesional dan bekas peragawati sambilan.

Kepada penggemarnya, harga bukan satu masalah tetapi adakalanya mungkin membuatkan kita terfikir, betulkah dua ulas durian Musang King harganya sampai RM15?

"Durian ini dikenali sebagai durian kunyit kerana warna isinya yang kekuningan seakan kunyit selain rasanya yang berbeza daripada durian biasa serta tekstur isinya.

"Saya difahamkan, Musang King adalah spesies yang sama dengan durian kunyit.

"Kononnya durian jenis ini hanya ada di Gua Musang manakala King pula merujuk pada 'gelaran' raja buah-buahan itu," ujar wanita yang masih bujang ini.

Tina memberitahu, dusunnya mampu mengeluarkan sehingga dua tan durian kunyit untuk tempoh tiga bulan setiap musim dan mampu memperoleh pendapatan sehingga RM300,000," ujar Tina.

kosmo


Durian Musang King: Sejauh mana anda sanggup berbelanja?

KUALA LUMPUR: Baunya terlalu kuat, sehingga ada yang tidak menggemarinya membandingkan dengan bau bangkai tikus.

Itu reaksi segera yang pasti diluahkan mana-mana pelancong asing setiap kali menghidu bau raja segala buah, iaitu durian.

Malah, disebabkan durian, kecoh Australia tahun lalu kerana disangka bau gas bocor.

Kejadian gempar di Australia itu merupakan pengenalan terbaik buat durian di negara kangaroo itu.

Ini kerana, Ogos tahun lalu, MASkargo buat pertama kalinya menghantar dua tan durian segar sejuk ke Sydney, Australia menggunakan cara pembungkusan baru oleh Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia (MARDI).

Durian itu dipasarkan di empat pasar raya di Sydney.

Di sebalik baunya yang kuat, durian yang dilabelkan sebagai buah paling luat baunya di dunia mula dijual di United Kingdom (UK) buat pertama kalinya.

Durian Musang King dipilih sebagai jenis pertama durian yang di eksport ke negara "Mat Saleh" itu.

Perkara itu mendapat perhatian akhbar dalam satu rencana disiarkan 3 Februari lalu.

Akhbar itu yang memetik kenyataan jurucakap bagi Malaysia Kitchen, Stanley Harper, pemilihan Durian Musang King dibuat kerana rasanya yang enak, harum serta bersaiz besar.

Menurut Harper, pada peringkat awal, Durian Musang King hanya dijual di rangkaian Pasaraya Loon Fung.

Bagi mempromosikan Musang King di United Kingdom, katanya, juara Masterchef, Tim Anderson yang juga duta bagi Malaysia Kitchen menggunakan durian jenis itu dalam penghasilan ais krim durian dan memasak ‘risotto’ durian.

Itulah Durian Musang King atau lebih dikenali di Kelantan sebagai Durian Kunyit.

Malah, bagi seorang penanam durian, Tina Chong, nama Durian Musang King itu berasal dari Gua Musang, manakala perkataan 'King' itu sebagai rujukan raja kepada segala buah durian.


Astro AWANI turut mengadakan pungutan suara dikalangan pembaca astroawani.com bagi mengetahui sejauh mana mereka sanggup berbelanja untuk menikmati raja segala buah ini.

Daripada pungutan suara tersebut, 63 peratus sanggup membayar RM100 hingga RM150 sahaja untuk menikmati durian di UK.

Sementara 25 peratus pula sanggup membayar pada harga maksimum kira-kira RM200 hingga RM250.

astro awani



How to Identify Musang King and D24


Currently, Musang King is like black-market gold. It's the most sought after, desired and expensive of all the durian varieties, selling for more than twice the price of a more average durian.

That said, it's also the durian most likely to be faked. That's right: unscrupulous durian vendors will try to pull a fast one on the naive and sell an average durian under the name and price of the famous Musang King. Luckily, all durian varieties have slightly different shapes, colors, and spikes and you can learn to distinguish a true Musang King from a fake. Here are 5 tips to identify a true Musang King, as taught to us by the Musang Queen herself, Tina Chong. Thanks again, Tina!

The most well-known characteristic of Musang King is it's deep, turmeric yellow flesh. But Musang King is not the only durian with a dark yellow aril. Check out the picture below. Is it a Musang King or not?



If you can't tell now, you should be able to after reading the following clues:

1. Shell Color


Durian shells vary pretty widely in color from yellow-brown to camo-green to tinged with purple. Unlike other fruits, the color does not always denote ripeness, but is a characteristic of the variety.

Musang King (left) is a dusky green-tan bordering on yellow. Often the coloration will change between the tips of the thorns and the base. In comparison, D24 is typically a homogenous green.

2. Spike Density and Shape

Spikes can be either far apart or very close together, kind of square and pyramidal, or round and thin as a needle.

In Musang King, the spike is fairly large and pyramidal, set fairly far apart. Compare to the spike of a D24, which clusters

3. Visibility of Seams


All durians open via weakened seams running the length of each lobe from tip to stem. As I mention in How to Open a Durian, I am in totally in love with these seams. They are like the Achilles Heel of the world's most formidable fruit. On some durians, these seams are visible lines or bands, while on others the seams are invisible.

Musang King's seams are very visible, meeting on the bottom in a broad five pointed star. Often the spikes will even point away from the seam, creating an effect almost like the opening of the Red Sea. In contrast, the seams on a D24 are practically invisible. The spikes even point toward each other, further hiding the seam beneath a spiky bower.

4. Crown

Another way to identify durian variety is by the shape of the band connecting the stem to the fruit. This is sometimes called the crown. How fitting is that - the King of Fruit has a crown!

As you can see in the picture, the durian on the left has a smooth crown. The spikes face downwards away from it and there's even a little bit of a gap between the crown and where the spikes start. That's the Musang King.

In contrast, D24's crown has spikes growing up and over it, facing upward in jagged imitation of a traditional king's crown.

5. Stem Length



All durian varieties have different lengths of stem. Some have very long stems, like the variety called Gan Yao in Thailand. Others have stems so short you can barely fit your fingers onto it to pick it up.
Musang King has a relatively long stem, while D24 has a short stem.

In Summary: When looking over a possible Musang King durian, you're looking for a green-yellow fruit with a long stem, a very visible tan five-pointed star on the bottom, pyramidal spikes without much space between them, and of course that brilliant yellow flesh.

Now look at the first picture again:



Now what do you think? Musang King or not?

year of the durian


Durians: 8 Myths and Facts About the King of Fruits

Source: By Teresa Cheong for Health Xchange, with expert input from Dietetic & Food Services.


Durian is a nutritious fruit which, when eaten in moderation, will provide the body with many minerals, vitamins and good fats.

Contrary to popular belief, you will not have a big spike in your cholesterol level after eating a durian. In fact, this king of fruits has good monounsaturated fats that can actually lower your harmful cholesterol levels and moderate your high blood pressure.

But feasting on this highly nutritious fruit will certainly not benefit your waistline. A durian can have anywhere from 885 calories to 1,500 calories depending on its size. Durians may be a very good source of nutrients, but they are also high in calories and carbohydrates and thus must be consumed with moderation.

Facts and myths about durian

Durian facts

1. Durian can cause weight gain

With an average 1 kg sized durian having close to 1,350 calories, eating one durian can rack up as much as 68 per cent per cent of the daily 2,000 calories recommended for an average adult! One seed durian (about 40 g) has 54 calories.

2. Durian is rich in nutrients

Durian is naturally rich in potassium, dietary fibre, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin B complex. The king of fruits is thus excellent for improving muscle strength and blood pressure, bowel movements and skin health. It also supports the nervous and immune systems, and enhances red blood cell formation.

Nutritional composition of one small durian (602g)
Calories 885
Total fat 32.1g (mostly monounsaturated fats) 
Cholesterol NIL
Sodium 13mg
Total carbohydrates 163.1g
Dietary fibre 22.9g
Protein 8.8g

Percentage of daily nutritional requirements
Vitamin C 198%
Iron 14%
Vitamin A 5%
Calcium 4%


3. People with diabetes must limit their durian intake

If you have diabetes and must count your carbs, you cannot feast on durians because of the fruit’s high sugar content. Durians contain simple sugars – sucrose, fructose and glucose.

4. Durian is an instant energiser

Because of their high carbohydrate content, durians can help replenish low energy levels quickly (in healthy individuals). The fruit’s high potassium content can also help reduce fatigue and relieve mental stress and anxiety.


Durian myths

1. Durian is loaded with cholesterol

Not true. Durians have zero cholesterol. Cholesterol is found in foods containing saturated fats such as red meats, seafood and dairy products. Durians have heart-healthy monounsaturated fats which help to lower your levels of bad LDL cholesterol.

2. Mangosteen must be eaten with durian to reduce heatiness

According to conventional Chinese wisdom, a mangosteen, being a cooling fruit, will reduce the heatiness associated with durians. However, there is no scientific research to support this. The habit of eating durians and mangosteens together probably stems from the fact that the two fruits are harvested at about the same time.

3. Eating durian and drinking beer at the same time may kill you

There is no scientific evidence to show that this is a lethal combination. It is more likely to cause bloating, indigestion and discomfort as your liver has to work extra hard to metabolise both fats and sugars in the durians and the alcohol, especially if you have consumed both in excessive amounts.

4. Eating durian can boost your libido

The heatiness in the durian may cause your body temperature to rise, but this does not make the fruit an aphrodisiac.

Despite the myths associated with the durian, it remains a highly prized fruit.

Final message from our dieticians:
The durian is a highly nutritious fruit which, when eaten in moderation, will provide the body with many minerals, vitamins and good fats. Eating two to three seeds of durian at one sitting is sufficient, but because durians can become so addictive, people tend to eat more than they should.

health xchange


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